Abstract

Deforestation has brought about massive ecological degradation in the form of biodiversity, soil health, and climate stability. This paper discusses effective methods for restoration ecology to counter the effects. Qualitative analysis was conducted in the form of case studies and expert interviews that identified the most important methods including native species reintroduction, advanced techniques of soil restoration, mixed-species reforestation, community engagement, and adaptive ecosystem management. The findings call for biodiversity, long-term monitoring, and participatory approaches to achieve sustainable restoration outcomes. This research calls for interdisciplinary collaboration and adaptive strategies to address ecological and socio-economic challenges in pursuit of a more sustainable environmental future.